Asthma Bronchial Asthma

1st Enhydris lean meat soup: This soup Huatanzhike asthma. 4 grams of dried tangerine peel Canton, 1 water snake Jin, peeled (about dirty after about half of the Jin left), ginkgo 6 ~ 10 (peeled, lightly beat), 5 g bitter almonds, 80g of lean meat, soup. (For physical real person)
2nd Chuanbei partridge soup: This soup Huatanzhike Gusher. Partridge 1, 9 to 15 bitter almonds, chuanbei 9 ~ 15, 5 g of dried tangerine peel Canton, Chinese Yam soup 30g. (Suitable for the weak)
3rd Outer end of the treatment with 3 g of Brassica alba, eggs Seiwa uniform, some back (Dazhui, Feishu points), or use the old ginger 4 to 6 drops taken 8 to 10 drops oil generation and absorption, ink on the back (Dazhui , kidney and Yu Feishu points). The former is robust physique, they have been for poor health
LBI / WHO Workshop Report: Global strategy for asthma management and prevention. Medical Communication Resources Inc., 1995.
2nd Chinese Medical Association: Guidelines for bronchial asthma. Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, 썍, 10:261-267.
1st Sub-acute attack of asthma severity classification and degree of treatment
Clinical characteristics of mild to moderately severe severe
Shortness of breath climbing stairs, paused activities
Supine to sitting orthopnea hello
Continuous speech recognition in sentences often do not break words can speak
Mental State may fear / restlessness or irritability when Shang Anjing often anxiety, irritability, drowsiness, confusion
It was no sweat sweat
Slight increase in respiratory rate usually increases> 30 times / minute
Accessory muscle activity and three inner concave chest and abdomen often no contradictions of the movement are often
Scattered panting, breathing end of the loud, filled with loud, filled with less, even without
Pulse rate <100 beats min / 100 to 120 beats / min> 120 beats / min> 120 beats / minute, or slow or irregular pulse
Church clock (systolic blood pressure) without (10 <00mmHg have) (10 ~ 25mmHg) common (> 25mmHg)
Β2 agonists in> 70% 50% 70% <50%
Accounting for normal PEF values, or I would normally expect that the highest value% <100 l / min or
Response time <2 hours
PaO 2 (air) normal 60 ~ 60mmHg 80mmHg <
PaCO2 <40mmHg ≤ 45mmHg> 45mmHg
SaO2 (air)> 95% 90% 95% ≤ 90%
pH
Treatment Ƒ) on-demand inhaled  2-agonists, conducted orally if the  2-agonists, controlled release tablets. (2) low-dose oral sustained-release theophylline.� (3) regular daily inhaled corticosteroids (200 of 600 ï�� g). (4) nocturnal asthma is long-acting  2-agonists or inhaled anticholinergic agents was added. Ƒ) a right of inhaled  2-agonists or oral long-acting  2-agonists, if necessary, with the continuous inhalation. (2) oral controlled release theophylline or intravenous aminophylline. (3) plus inhaled anticholinergics (4 regular) daily dose of inhaled corticosteroids (> 600  g / day). (5), if necessary, oral glucocorticoid. (1) continuous inhalation of  2-agonists, anticholinergics plus intravenous salbutamol inhalation.Â�(2) intravenous aminophylline. (3) intravenous corticosteroids, which later changed to oral disease, and even inhaled drugs. (4) to maintain the attention of water and electrolyte balance. (5) to prevent severe acidosis, pH, amount of added base should be �¼ 7.20. (6) oxygen, and if there are signs of mechanical ventilation. (7) Prevention and treatment of respiratory infections. (8) to get rid of mucus.
2nd Non-acute attack of asthma severity and long-term evaluation of treatment programs
Clinical features of disease classification needed to control symptoms long-term treatment of drug-election
Intermittent Intermittent symptoms <1 time per week, short episodes (hours ~ a few days), nighttime asthma symptoms ≤ 2 times per month, between episodes of asymptomatic, normal lung function, PEF or FEV1 ≥ 80% predicted value, PEF variability��<20% of the intermittent use of quick relief medicine on demand: If inhaled short-acting β2-agonist drug strength depends on the severity of symptoms, inhaled corticosteroids may be required as needed inhaled  2-agonists. Or oral  2-agonists, oral low-dose sustained-release theophylline may quantitative daily inhaled corticosteroid dose (<200  g / day) or consider oral leukotriene.
Mild symptoms ≥ 1 time per week but <1 time per day, episodes may affect activity and sleep, nocturnal asthma symptoms “2 times per month, PEF or FEV1 ≥ expected to include 80%, PEF variation from 20 to 30% % with a long-term prevention of drug use: the use of anti-inflammatory drugs can be added to a long-acting bronchodilators (particularly for the control of nocturnal symptoms)
will moderate daily symptoms, attacks activity and sleep, nocturnal asthma symptoms interfere with “1 week, PEF or FEV1> 60% <80% are expected,> PEF variation rates of 30% of the daily application of long-term preventive medications: glucocorticoid If inhaled, daily short-acting β2-agonists and (or) long-acting bronchodilators (particularly for the control of nocturnal symptoms) Quantitative daily inhaled corticosteroids (200 of 600  g / day) inhaled. On-demand inhaled  2-agonists. ineffective when dissecting small dose of oral sustained-release theophylline and / or controlled release oral  2-agonist tablets. Nocturnal asthma can be long acting  2-agonists or inhaled anticholinergic agents was added.
Severe symptoms of frequent attacks, frequent nocturnal asthma attack, heavily influenced by sleep, physical activity limitation, PEF, FEV1 <60% predicted value, PEF variation rates> 30% of the daily use of a variety of long-term prevention of drug use, high-dose inhaled corticosteroids, long-acting bronchodilator drugs and (or) long-term oral high-dose inhaled corticosteroids corticosteroids ( 600  g / day). Act of inhaled  2-agonists, oral administration of  2-agonists may lead to increased release tablets and sustained-release theophylline, if necessary, further inhalation of  2-agonists, anticholinergics combined, and some patients take oral corticosteroids. Can try some new drugs or therapies, such as the combination of leukotriene agent.
Note: A patient can also be the characteristics of different severity levels should be included among the more serious level.
Table 3 Principles of asthma management and clinical treatment strategies
Clear diagnosis and monitoring the effectiveness of the treatment goals for asthma comprehensive treatment of basic clinical treatment strategy measures
1st Early atypical (for example: cough variant asthma), or coexist with other diseases (such as: patients with chronic bronchitis with asthma), should be carried out by the bronchial challenge test or exercise test, bronchial dilation test, PEF monitoring or pulmonary function before and after the treatment series of changes in diagnosis.
2nd Note that the identification of obstructive airway diseases, such as tracheal intima tuberculosis, cancer, etc.. 1st Full control over the symptoms.
fnd To prevent or deter attacks.
3rd Individual lung function close to the best value.
4th Normal activity.
5th To avoid adverse drug effects.
6th Prevent irreversible airway obstruction.
7th Prevention of asthma death. 1st Long-term anti-inflammatory therapy is the basis of the treatment, the preferred inhaled corticosteroid.
2nd Medium of choice for the relief of symptoms inhaled  2-agonists.
3rd Disease-laws after inhaled corticosteroid were not ideal, should not with inhaled long-acting  2-agonists or sustained-release theophylline or leukotriene (combination therapy) are treated, can also opt for increasing the amount of inhaled corticosteroid.
4th Patients with severe asthma, lead to the treatment or long-term recurring, intensive treatment in the preamble. The severe asthma attack, his complete control of symptoms after treatment (high-dose hormone therapy, see table above), lung function and PEF restore optimal volatility normally 2-4 days, gradually reducing the dosage of glucocorticoids. Some patients after intensive treatment phase, control of the ideal condition. 1st Elimination of the causes and factors.
2nd Disease prevention and control in combination, such as: allergic rhinitis, reflux oesophagitis far.
3rd Immunomodulatory treatment.
4th Regular checks of inhaling drugs is correct, and your physician compliance.